Puppy Care

Vaccinations

Vaccinations are vital for preventing serious diseases in your puppy. Even if your dog stays indoors, they can be exposed to viruses carried in the air, dust, or on clothing. Vaccinating is the best way to protect your new puppy from potentially life-threatening illnesses that can be costly to treat. The first series of core vaccines begins around 6 weeks of age, with boosters given every 3-4 weeks until your puppy is fully vaccinated. This process helps build antibodies in the blood, providing protection against infections. Once fully vaccinated, yearly exams & vaccine boosters are necessary to keep your dog protected & healthy for life.

Ralston Vet’s Core Vaccines:

Rabies

A fatal virus causing severe neurological damage & is transmittable to humans. The vaccine is required by the state of Nebraska for the safety of pets & humans.

Distemper Virus

A virus leading to systemic illness, seizures, respiratory issues, &
possibly death.

Distemper Virus

A respiratory virus spread through coughing & sneezing, leading to infections ranging from rhinitis to pneumonia.

Adenovirus

Also known as Infectious Hepatitis, this virus causes severe systemic
disease.

Parvovirus

Affects rapidly dividing cells, leading to fever, vomiting, & possibly death.

Leptospirosis

A bacterial disease affecting kidneys & liver, transmittable to humans through contaminated water sources.

Ralston Vet’s Lifestyle Vaccine:

Bordetella

Commonly known as kennel cough, this bacterial infection causes upper
respiratory issues & is spread through coughing & sneezing. Recommended for dogs
frequently exposed to other pets.

We recommend keeping your dog’s annual exams & vaccines on schedule once their puppy boosters are complete to support a long & happy life!

Vaccine Schedule

Age: 6 to 8 weeks old

  • Complete Physical Exam
  • 1st  Core Vaccine Series: Distemper Virus, Parvo Virus, Hepatitis / Adenovirus, Parainfluenza
  • Fecal Exam

Age: 10 to 12 weeks old

  • Complete Physical Exam
  • 2nd  Core Vaccine Series: Distemper Virus, Parvo Virus, Hepatitis / Adenovirus, Parainfluenza, Leptospirosis, Bordetella
  • Fecal Exam

Age: 14 to 16 weeks old

  • Complete Physical Exam
  • 3rd  Core Vaccine Series: Distemper Virus, Parvo Virus, Hepatitis / Adenovirus, Parainfluenza, Leptospirosis, Rabies, Bordetella (if not already done)
  • Rabies

Final Puppy Visit

  • Complete Physical Exam
  • Final Core Vaccine Series: Distemper Virus, Parvo Virus, Hepatitis / Adenovirus, Parainfluenza, Leptospirosis, Rabies (if not already done), Bordetella (if not already done)
  • Fecal Exam
  • Heartworm blood test
  • Health Assessment blood work
  • Heartwork Prevention
  • Flea & Tick Prevention

Parasites

Intestinal Parasites

  • Hookworms & Roundworms: Common intestinal parasites found in stool. These worms
    are easy to treat & prevent but can make your puppy very sick if not addressed.
  • Yearly fecal exams: Recommended to check for these parasites, though intermittent
    shedding may mean parasites aren’t always detected.
  • Zoonotic Risk: These parasites can be transmitted to humans. Simple hygiene practices
    like washing hands & timely stool pickup can prevent this.

Heartworm

Both indoor & outdoor dogs are at risk for heartworm infection, which is spread by mosquitoes. Year-round prevention is recommended, as even a small number of adult worms can cause severe disease. Testing is performed annually for all dogs over 6 months of age.

Flea and Tick Prevention

Fleas & ticks can carry many infectious diseases that cause illness in your puppy. Year-round preventive care is recommended. Our team & doctors will help you choose the best prevention option for your family.

Surgeries

Female Spay

Spaying involves the surgical removal of the ovaries & uterus, preventing
pregnancy, heat cycles, & behavioral changes. It’s recommended between 6-18 months of age, depending on the size & breed of your puppy. Spaying also reduces the risk of mammary cancer & uterine infections as your dog ages.

Male Neuter

Neutering involves the surgical removal of the testicles, reducing the risk of
testicular cancer & certain prostatic problems. It may also help discourage aggression, hyperactivity, marking, roaming, & fighting. Neutering is recommended after 6 months of age, depending on breed & size.

Ralston Vet’s Puppy Tips

If you have any questions or concerns, please don’t hesitate to contact us. We’re here to support you & your new puppy every step of the way. Feel free to explore more information on our site to ensure your pet receives the best care possible.

It’s important to discourage unwanted behaviors early to prevent them from
becoming lifelong habits.

  • Avoid rough play with hands—use toys instead.
  • Supervise chewing & use dental care products to avoid accidents.
  • Don’t comfort a barking or whining puppy, as this rewards the behavior.

Consider your puppy’s size, energy levels, grooming needs, & medical predispositions. Understanding these will help you care for your puppy throughout their life.

Restraint & touch desensitization exercises are recommended to make grooming, bathing, & vet visits less stressful. Practice gentle restraint & touch desensitization early on to alleviate anxiety during routine care.

Consistency is key. Alternate free time with confinement to teach your puppy where & when to relieve themselves. Be patient & avoid harsh corrections if accidents occur.

Starting an oral hygiene routine early is crucial for your puppy’s overall health. Begin by getting your puppy comfortable with you looking in their mouth & gently rubbing their gums. Gradually introduce a soft bristle brush or finger brush with dog-specific toothpaste.

If you’d like a tooth brushing demonstration, any of our Licensed Veterinary Technicians will be glad to assist you!